Almendro
How to recognize and combat almond decline
Almond Tree Decay
Fungus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
CRITICAL
B. Dothidea, Neofusicoccum Parvum, Diplodia Seriata , Macrophomina Phaseolina
Pathogen:
Orugas o gusanos
WHO CAUSES IT?
B. dothidea, Neofusicoccum parvum, Diplodia serieta and Macrophomina phaseolina are pathogenic fungi that cause almond tree decline. These fungi are known for their ability to survive in dead tissues and in soil, where they produce resistance structures such as spores and mycelia that can remain viable for long periods. When environmental conditions are favorable, spores are dispersed by wind, water, and contaminated tools, infecting new plants through wounds or natural openings. Once inside the plant tissue, fungi colonize the xylem, blocking the circulation of water and nutrients, leading to symptoms of wilting and decay. These pathogens can complete their cycle in a matter of weeks during optimal conditions, allowing for several annual generations, thus increasing infection pressure on almond crops.
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SYMPTOMS
In the almond tree, the disease known as almond decline manifests itself mainly through symptoms of general weakening of the plant. The fungi infect the vascular system, causing a decrease in water and nutrient transport, leading to progressive decline of the tree. Symptoms include yellowing of leaves, reduction in fruit size, and dieback of branches and shoots. The disease can progress slowly, affecting the productivity of the almond tree and, in severe cases, causing the death of the tree.
- Yellowing of the leaves
- Reduction in fruit size
- Dieback of branches and shoots
- General decay of the tree
- Loss of vigor and productivity
- Wilting and death of aerial parts of the plant
DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS
Temperature:
25-30°C
Humidity:
60-80%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Wind, Water, Contaminated tools, Soil, Direct contact between plants, Infected plant material
HOW TO ELIMINATE IT?
Home treatments
There are no home treatments
Natural allies
Chemical treatments
There are no treatments for this disease. Treatments are directed at the insect vectors that transmit it. See insect treatments.
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