Lechuga y similares
How to recognize and combat armyworms in lettuce and similar plants
Gardama, Green Donut, Or Armyworm
Insect
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
Spodoptera Exigua
Pathogen:
Orugas o gusanos
WHO CAUSES IT?
Spodoptera exigua, commonly known as the green donut or armyworm, is a lepidopteran of the Noctuidae family that affects a wide range of crops, especially vegetables. The adult is a medium-sized moth that has a wingspan of approximately 25-30 mm and a grayish color. Females deposit their eggs on the underside of the leaves of the host plants, forming groups of between 50 and 100 eggs. The larvae hatch after a few days and go through five larval stages, where they acquire their characteristic green color with lateral bands. During this stage, the larvae feed voraciously on plant tissues, causing serious damage. After the larval phase, the caterpillar transforms into a pupa in the soil or under remains of organic matter. Finally, the adults emerge and restart the cycle. Under favorable conditions, Spodoptera exigua can complete several generations per year, which favors its rapid expansion in crops.
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SYMPTOMS
In lettuce and similar crops, Spodoptera exigua causes a disease commonly called gardama or green donut, characterized by severe damage to the leaves, especially in the juvenile stages of the plants. The larvae feed on both the underside and upper surface of the leaves, leaving irregular areas and holes, which can significantly reduce the photosynthetic surface of the plant. In more advanced stages of infestation, the larvae can damage the bud, affecting the quality of the commercial product. The intensive attack of Spodoptera exigua can cause general weakening of the plant, favoring secondary infections or even the death of young plants.
- Irregular holes in the leaves.
- Consumption of the epidermis of the leaves, leaving transparent tissues.
- Severe damage to the youngest leaves.
- Affectation of the bud in severe infestations.
- Reduction of the photosynthetic surface.
- Destruction of young plants.
DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS
Temperature:
20-30°C
Humidity:
50-85%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Wind, Movement of infected plants, Direct contact with cultivation tools, Dispersion of adults
HOW TO ELIMINATE IT?
Home treatments
There are no home treatments
Natural allies
Chemical treatments
There are no treatments for this disease. Treatments are directed at the insect vectors that transmit it. See insect treatments.
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