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Thrips

Frankliniella Sp.

Pathogen:

Insect

Type:

Risk:

HIGH

DESCRIPTION

Pathogen description

Frankliniella sp. is a genus of tiny insects belonging to the family Thripidae, commonly known as thrips. These insects have several stages in their development, beginning with the laying of eggs in the plant tissue by adult females. The eggs hatch within a few days, releasing larvae that feed on plant cells, causing sucking damage. After going through two larval stages, the larvae fall to the ground or take refuge in protected places to pupate. The pupal phase lasts a few days, after which the adults emerge. The adults are mobile and can live for several weeks, during which they feed, mate and continue to lay eggs, spreading the infestation.

Disease description

Thrips, caused by Frankliniella sp., are pests that affect quinoa, causing a series of damages that can compromise the yield and quality of the crop. These insects feed on plant cells, causing Taches and deformations to appear on the leaves and other parts of the plant. In addition, they can transmit viruses that further aggravate the damage caused.

- Silver or whitish Taches on the leaves.
- Deformations in the leaves and flowers.
- Reduction of plant growth.
- Drying and premature leaf fall.
- Damage to young shoots.
- Potential transmission of phytopathogenic viruses.

TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY

20-30°C

50-70%

VOIES DE TRANSMISSION

Adult movement, Wind, Infested plants, Contaminated tools, Infested soil

Chemical treatments

CONTROL

• RAPE OIL 1.53% [AL] P/V
• RAPE OIL 848.24 g/l [EC] P/V
• ORANGE OIL 6% [SL] P/V
• ORANGE OIL 60g/L [ME] P/S
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [64742-46-7]) 79% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 54.6% [EW] P/V
• AZADIRACTIN 1% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• Azadirachtin 2.6% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• CYPERMETHRIN 10% [EC] P/V
• CYPERMETHRIN 5% [EC] P/V
• CYPERMETHRIN 50% [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 1.57% [SC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 10% [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 2.5% [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 2.5% [EW] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 0.0015% [ME] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 1.5% [CS] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 10% [CS] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 5% [EG] P/P
• PYRETHRINS 0.12% [AE] P/P
• PYRETHRINS 1.9% [EC] P/V
• PYRETHRINS 4.65% (as pyrethrum extract) [EC] P/V
• PYRETHRINS 4% (PYRETHHRINE EXTR.) [EC] P/V
• PYRETHRINS 5% [SC] P/V
• POTASSIUM SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS C14-C20 48% [EW] P/V
• SPINOSAD 12% [SC] P/V
• SPINOSAD 2.4% [SC] P/V
• SPINOSAD 48% [SC] P/V
• TAU-FLUVALINATE 24% [EW] P/V

Treatments authorized in organic farming

• RAPE OIL 1.53% [AL] P/V
• RAPE OIL 848.24 g/l [EC] P/V
• ORANGE OIL 6% [SL] P/V
• ORANGE OIL 60g/L [ME] P/S
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [64742-46-7]) 79% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 54.6% [EW] P/V
• AZADIRACTIN 1% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• Azadirachtin 2.6% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 0.0015% [ME] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 1.5% [CS] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 10% [CS] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 5% [EG] P/P
• PYRETHRINS 0.12% [AE] P/P
• PYRETHRINS 1.9% [EC] P/V
• PYRETHRINS 4.65% (as pyrethrum extract) [EC] P/V
• PYRETHRINS 4% (PYRETHHRINE EXTR.) [EC] P/V
• PYRETHRINS 5% [SC] P/V
• POTASSIUM SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS C14-C20 48% [EW] P/V
• SPINOSAD 12% [SC] P/V
• SPINOSAD 2.4% [SC] P/V
• SPINOSAD 48% [SC] P/V

Biological control

• AMBLYDROMALUS LIMONICUS (Parasitoid and predatory mites)
• AMBLYSEIUS SWIRSKII (Parasitoid and predatory mites)
• BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (STRAIN ATCC 74040) 2.3% (2.3X10E7 VIABLE SPORES/ML) [OD] P/V
• BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (GHA STRAIN) 22% (4.4 x 10E10 CONIDIAS/G) [WP] P/P
• CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (Parasitoid and predatory insects)
• HETERORHABDITIS BACTERIOPHORA (Parasitoid and predatory nematodes)
• MACROCHELES ROBUSTULUS (Parasitoid and predatory mites)
• MACROLOPHUS PYGMAEUS (Parasitoid and predatory insects)
• NEOSEIULUS CUCUMERIS (Parasitoid and predatory mites)
• ORIUS LAEVIGATUS (Parasitoid and predatory insects)
• PAECILOMYCES FUMOSOROSEUS (STRAIN FE 9901) 18% (2 X 10 E9 CFU/G) [WP] P/P
• STEINERNEMA FELTIAE (Parasitoid and predatory nematodes)
• TRANSEIUS MONTDORIENSIS (Parasitoid and predatory mites)

Preventive treatments

• BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (STRAIN ATCC 74040) 2.3% (2.3X10E7 VIABLE SPORES/ML) [OD] P/V
• BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (GHA STRAIN) 22% (4.4 x 10E10 CONIDIAS/G) [WP] P/P
• ADHESIVE TRAP
• CHROMATIC TRAP

- Regularly monitor the crop with blue sticky traps to detect the presence of thrips.
- Implement crop rotation to reduce the continued presence of the pathogen.
- Encourage the use of physical barriers such as anti-insect mesh to prevent thrips from entering the crop.
- Use natural enemies such as predatory mites and parasitoids for biological control of thrips populations.
- Apply specific and environmentally friendly insecticides, following technical recommendations to avoid resistance.
- Maintain good crop hygiene, eliminating plant debris and infested plants.
- Avoid excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers, as they can favor the development of thrips.

Recommendations

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*The recommended treatments are recommendations based on the authorities' databases and do not replace in any way the guidelines established by the legislation of each country.