Moho blanco
WHAT IS AND HOW TO ELIMINATE
White Mold
Sclerotina Sclerotiorum
Pathogen:
Fungus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
CRITICAL
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a phytopathogenic fungus that affects a wide range of plants, including celery. This organism produces resistance structures called sclerotia, which can survive in the soil for several years in the absence of a host. When conditions are favorable, sclerotia germinate and form apothecia, which are cup-shaped structures that release spores into the air. These spores can be transported by wind to susceptible plants, where they germinate and produce mycelium that invades plant tissues. The mycelium spreads through plant tissue, decomposing it and causing rot. The reproduction of the fungus includes both an asexual phase, with the production of conidia, and a sexual phase, with the formation of sclerotia that guarantee survival in adverse conditions.
SYMPTOMS
In celery, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes the disease known as white mold, which manifests itself mainly in conditions of high humidity and moderate temperatures. This disease severely affects the quality and yield of celery, as the fungus invades the plant tissues and causes wet, mushy decay. Initial symptoms include the appearance of watery Taches on the leaves and stems, which eventually become covered with a white, cottony mycelium. As the disease progresses, black sclerotia can be seen embedded in the affected plant tissue.
- Watery Taches on leaves and stems
- White, cottony mycelium on the surface of the Taches
- Wet and soft decomposition of plant tissue
- Presence of black sclerotia embedded in the affected tissues
- Withering and collapse of affected plants
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
15-25°C
80-100%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Aerial spores, contaminated soil, irrigation water, infected plant remains
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• AZOXISTROBIN 20% + DIFENOCONAZOLE 12.5% [SC] P/V
• AZOXISTROBIN 25% [SC] P/V
• DIFENOCONAZOLE 25% [EC] P/V
• FLUXAPYROXAD 7.5% + DIFENOCONAZOLE 5% [SC] P/V
• PIRACLOSTROBIN 6.7% + BOSCALIDE 26.7% ( ) [WG] P/P
• PIRACLOSTROBIN 6.7% + BOSCALIDE 26.7% (I) [WG] P/P
Authorized treatments in organic farming
-
Insect allies
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS PEST
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Effective against all types of fungi
- Implement a crop rotation of at least three years to reduce the presence of sclerotia in the soil.
- Avoid overirrigation and ensure good soil drainage to reduce excessive moisture.
- Use appropriate fungicides as part of an integrated disease management program, following specific recommendations for their application.
- Remove and destroy the remains of infected crops and plants to reduce the source of inoculum.
- Incorporate organic materials that improve soil structure and promote antagonistic microbial activity.
- Control weeds in the growing area, as they can act as alternative hosts for the fungus.
- Use celery varieties that are resistant or tolerant to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum when available.
- Practice regular crop monitoring to detect disease symptoms early and act quickly to control its spread.
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