Virus
WHAT IS AND HOW TO ELIMINATE
Tomato Rugose Virus (Tobrfv)
Virus Tobrfv
Pathogen:
Virus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
CRITICAL
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Tomato rugose virus (ToBRFV) is a highly contagious pathogen belonging to the family Virgaviridae and the genus Tobamovirus. This virus has a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome. Infection begins when the virus enters tomato cells through wounds or abrasions on the surface of leaves or stems. Once inside the cell, ToBRFV hijacks the tomato's cellular machinery to replicate its RNA and produce new viral particles. These particles move from cell to cell through the plasmodesmata and spread systemically through the vascular system, infecting new areas of the plant. ToBRFV is particularly stable in the environment and can persist in infected plant remains, in soil and on contaminated surfaces, facilitating its spread and increasing the difficulty of controlling it in the field.
SYMPTOMS
In tomatoes, tomato rugose virus causes a disease that seriously affects the quality and quantity of production. The symptoms that appear in tomato plants are varied and can be severe, affecting both the leaves and the fruits.
- Chlorotic mosaic and mottling on the leaves.
- Curling and deformation of the leaves.
- Appearance of brown Taches and roughness on the leaves.
- Necrosis in the veins and stems.
- Fruits with yellow and brown Taches.
- Deformation and roughness in the fruits.
- Reduction in the size of the fruits.
- Premature fall of flowers and young fruits.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20-25°C
60-80%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Direct contact with infected plants, Contaminated tools, Hands and clothing of workers, Infected seeds, Vegetative propagation
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
There are no effective treatments against viruses, the treatments are focused on combating the insect or vector carrying the virus (SEE AVAILABLE TREATMENTS AGAINST INSECTS)
Authorized treatments in organic farming
There are no effective treatments against viruses, the treatments are focused on combating the insect or vector carrying the virus (SEE AVAILABLE TREATMENTS AGAINST INSECTS)
Insect allies
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS PEST
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Effective against all types of fungi
- Use certified and virus-free seeds.
- Disinfect cultivation tools and equipment before use.
- Implement strict hygiene practices, such as washing hands and changing clothes before entering growing areas.
- Remove and destroy infected plants immediately.
- Control insect vector populations through the use of appropriate insecticides.
- Use physical barriers such as mesh and coverage to reduce the exposure of plants to vectors.
- Rotate crops with species not susceptible to ToBRFV to reduce the viral load in the soil.
- Avoid transplanting plants from infected areas to virus-free areas.
- Implement integrated pest management that includes regular monitoring and application of preventive measures.
Recommendations
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