Alternariosis
Alternariosis
Alternaria Sonchi
Pathogen:
Fungus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
The pathogen Alternaria sp. is a genus of fungi that includes numerous plant pathogenic species. These fungi produce conidia that are spread by wind, water, and contact with infected tools. Conidia germinate under favorable conditions, forming hyphae that penetrate plant tissues through stomata or wounds. The initial infection can develop rapidly, leading to the production of new conidia that facilitate the spread of the fungus. Alternaria sp. It can survive on plant debris, soil, and infected seeds, allowing it to persist for long periods in the absence of the host. The ability to produce spores for several generations a year contributes to its aggressiveness and persistence in the environment.
SYMPTOMS
The disease caused by Alternaria sp. It manifests itself through leaf Taches and necrosis, affecting the quality and yield of the crop. Infections generally begin on older leaves and spread to younger ones, causing severe defoliation in advanced infections. The disease reduces photosynthesis and weakens the plant, making it more susceptible to other diseases and pests.
- Brown to black Taches on leaves
- Yellow halo around the Taches
- Necrosis of leaf tissues
- Defoliation
- Reduction in plant growth and vigor
- Increased susceptibility to other infections
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20-30°C
80-100%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Aerial spores, Irrigation water, Infected tools, Plant remains, Infected seeds
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• AZOXISTROBIN 20% + DIFENOCONAZOLE 12.5% [SC] P/V
• AZOXISTROBIN 25% [SC] P/V
• CIPRODINIL 37.5% + FLUDIOXONIL 25% [WG] P/P
• DIFENOCONAZOLE 1.67% [EC] P/V
• DIFENOCONAZOLE 25% [EC] P/V
• FLUDIOXONIL 50% [WG] P/P
• FLUXAPYROXAD 7.5% + DIFENOCONAZOLE 5% [SC] P/V
• POTASSIUM PHOSPHONATES 51% (Exp. as phosphorous acid) [SL] P/V
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 36% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• METIRAM 70% [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 30% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 35% (exp. in Cu) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 35% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 38% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 52% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 70% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• CUPROUS OXIDE 75% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• PIRACLOSTROBIN 6.7% + BOSCALIDE 26.7% ( ) [WG] P/P
• PIRACLOSTROBIN 6.7% + BOSCALIDE 26.7% (I) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 12.4% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% [WP] P/P
• TRIBASIC COPPER SULFATE 19% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
Authorized treatments in organic farming
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 36% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 30% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 35% (exp. in Cu) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 35% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 38% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 52% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 70% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• CUPROUS OXIDE 75% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 12.4% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% [WP] P/P
• TRIBASIC COPPER SULFATE 19% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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- Practice crop rotation with species not susceptible to Alternaria.
- Use certified pathogen-free seeds.
- Apply preventive and curative fungicides according to technical recommendations.
- Maintain good soil drainage to avoid excess moisture.
- Remove and destroy remains of infected crops to reduce inoculum.
- Disinfect cultivation tools and equipment regularly.
- Promote good ventilation within the crop to reduce relative humidity.
- Avoid overhead irrigation at night to minimize prolonged foliar wetness.
- Implement varieties resistant or tolerant to Alternaria sp.
Recommendations
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