Minadores
Miners
Liriomyza Sp.
Pathogen:
Insect
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Liriomyza sp. is a genus of small leafmining flies that includes various species harmful to numerous crops, including quinoa. These flies go through several stages of development, beginning with the laying of eggs in leaf tissue by adult females. The larvae emerge from the eggs and feed on the mesophyll of the leaves, creating visible galleries or mines on the leaf surface. After completing their larval development, the larvae fall to the ground to pupate. The pupal phase can last from several days to a few weeks, depending on environmental conditions. Finally, the adults emerge from the ground, thus completing the cycle. These adults mate and restart the infestation process on new host plants.
SYMPTOMS
Leafminers, caused by Liriomyza sp., affect quinoa, causing direct and indirect damage that compromises the health of the plant and its productive capacity. The galleries formed by the larvae in the leaves interfere with photosynthesis and gas exchange, weakening the plant and reducing its growth. In addition, the wounds produced can serve as entry points for other diseases.
- Sinuous galleries visible on the leaves.
- Discolored and dry leaves.
- Reduction of photosynthetic capacity.
- Slowed plant growth.
- Defoliation in severe cases.
- Entry points for secondary infections.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20-30°C
60-80%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Adult movement, Wind, Contaminated tools, Infested plants, Infested soil
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• AZADIRACTIN 1% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• Azadirachtin 2.6% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 2.5% [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 2.5% [EW] P/V
• ADHESIVE TRAPS
Authorized treatments in organic farming
• AZADIRACTIN 1% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• Azadirachtin 2.6% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• ADHESIVE TRAPS
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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- Regularly monitor the crop to detect the presence of mines on the leaves.
- Implement crop rotation to reduce pest pressure.
- Use yellow chromatic traps to capture adults and reduce their population.
- Promote the use of biological control through the release of natural enemies such as larval parasitoids.
- Avoid excessive use of insecticides that can eliminate the natural enemies of leafminers.
- Apply specific insecticides at critical stages of the pathogen's life cycle, following technical recommendations.
- Maintain good crop hygiene, eliminating and destroying infested leaves to reduce the population of larvae and pupae.
Recommendations
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