Escamas
St. Joseph'S Louse
Quadraspidiotus Perniciosus
Pathogen:
Insect
Type:
Risk to the plant:
CRITICAL
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Quadraspidiotus perniciosus, commonly known as the St. Joseph's louse, is an insect belonging to the Diaspididae family. This insect is native to Asia, but has spread worldwide, affecting various species of fruit trees. Adults have a round, flattened shape, dark gray, and are covered by a protective shield. The females are ovoviviparous and produce numerous young called nymphs. The nymphs disperse throughout the tree and adhere to the bark, branches, leaves and fruits, where they insert their stylets to feed on the sap. These nymphs go through several stages before reaching maturity. During warm months, the St. Joseph's louse can complete multiple generations, significantly increasing its population. The cycle begins with mobile nymphs and continues with fixed nymphs, which develop into adults capable of reproducing.
SYMPTOMS
In peach, peach or nectarine, the San José louse causes a disease that seriously compromises the health and production of the trees. The infestation of this insect causes general weakening of the plant, reduction in the quality and quantity of the fruit, and, in severe cases, can lead to the death of the tree.
- Red Taches on the bark, branches and fruits
- Scab formation in affected areas
- Yellowing and premature leaf fall
- Reduction in the growth of new shoots
- Deformation and premature fruit drop
- Loss of vigor in the plant
- Death of young branches and, eventually, the entire tree
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20-30°C
60-80%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Wind, movement of infected plant material, contaminated tools, transportation of infested plants, direct contact between infested and healthy trees
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• RAPE OIL 1.53% [AL] P/V
• RAPE OIL 848.24 g/l [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 83% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 40% [EW] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 80% [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 1.57% [SC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 2.5% [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 2.5% [EW] P/V
• PYRIPROXIFEN 10% [EC] P/V
• POTASSIUM SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS C14-C20 48% [EW] P/V
Authorized treatments in organic farming
• RAPE OIL 1.53% [AL] P/V
• RAPE OIL 848.24 g/l [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 83% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 40% [EW] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 80% [EC] P/V
• POTASSIUM SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS C14-C20 48% [EW] P/V
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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Effective against all types of fungi
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- Regularly monitor trees for early signs of infestation.
- Use pheromone traps to capture males and reduce reproduction.
- Implement biological controls through the introduction of natural enemies such as parasitoids and specific predators.
- Apply horticultural oils during the dormant period to suffocate nymphs and adults.
- Carry out cleaning pruning to eliminate infested branches and improve the aeration of the tree.
- Maintain the hygiene of the orchard by eliminating pruning remains and fallen fruits that could harbor the insect.
- Use specific phytosanitary products at critical moments in the insect cycle, following the recommendations of a specialist.
- Promote biodiversity in the garden to promote a natural balance and reduce dependence on chemicals.
- Implement crop rotation to avoid the accumulation of insect populations.
- Train agricultural personnel in the recognition and management of the San José louse for a timely and effective response.
Recommendations
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