Oídio
Powdery Mildew
Sphaerotheca Macularis F.Sp. Fragariae
Pathogen:
Fungus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
INTERMEDIATE
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Sphaerotheca macularis f.sp. fragariae is an ascomycete fungus that causes powdery mildew on berries, particularly strawberries. This pathogen is characterized by forming white superficial mycelium on leaves, stems and fruits. The asexual spores, called conidia, are dispersed by wind and germinate under conditions of high humidity and moderate temperatures. The mycelium of the fungus adheres to the surface of the plant and penetrates the epidermal cells through haustoria, specialized structures that extract nutrients from the host. In addition to the asexual phase, Sphaerotheca macularis can produce cleistothecia, sexual structures that contain ascospores, which allow the fungus to survive in adverse conditions. These ascospores are released into the environment and germinate under favorable conditions, initiating new infections. This cycle repeats several times during the growing season, causing significant accumulation of inoculum in the field.
SYMPTOMS
Powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca macularis f.sp. fragariae in berries manifests itself as a white powder on the surface of the leaves, stems and fruits, affecting photosynthesis and the normal development of the plant. Symptoms begin with small chlorotic Taches that quickly become covered with a white layer of mycelium and conidia, leading to deformation and necrosis of the affected tissues.
- Appearance of a white powder on leaves, stems and fruits
- Chlorotic Taches that become necrotic
- Deformation of leaves and fruits
- Delayed plant growth
- Loss of vigor and productivity
- Reduction in the quality and appearance of the fruits
- Premature death of severely affected leaves
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
15-25°C
70-90%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Wind, contaminated tools, physical contact with infected plants, infected plant remains
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• ORANGE OIL 60g/L [ME] P/S
• SULFUR 70% [SC] P/V
• SULFUR 72% [SC] P/V
• SULFUR 80% [WG] P/P
• BUPIRIMATE 25% [EC] P/V
• CIFLUFENAMID 10% [SC] P/V
• POTASSIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE 0.425% [AL] P/V
• PENCONAZOLE 20% [EW] P/V
Authorized treatments in organic farming
• ORANGE OIL 60g/L [ME] P/S
• SULFUR 70% [SC] P/V
• SULFUR 72% [SC] P/V
• SULFUR 80% [WG] P/P
• POTASSIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE 0.425% [AL] P/V
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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- Carry out regular monitoring of crops to detect powdery mildew symptoms early.
- Maintain good air circulation in the crop through pruning practices and adequate plant spacing.
- Remove and destroy the remains of infected plants to reduce sources of inoculum.
- Avoid sprinkler irrigation and opt for drip irrigation to keep the foliage dry.
- Apply specific fungicides in a preventive and curative manner, following an adequate rotation to avoid the development of resistance.
- Use berry varieties that are resistant or less susceptible to powdery mildew.
- Promote good soil management and balanced nutrition to strengthen plant resistance.
- Implement physical barriers, such as anti-hail mesh, to reduce the dispersion of spores by wind.
- Apply biological treatments using fungal antagonists, such as Trichoderma spp. or Bacillus subtilis.
- Control weeds and other host plants that can act as reservoirs for the fungus.
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