Rhizomania
WHAT IT IS AND HOW TO ELIMINATE
Remolacha de mesa
Rhizomania
Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus (Bnyvv)
Pathogen:
Virus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
CRITICAL
Virus
WHO CAUSES IT?
Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is the causal agent of rhizomania in beet. This virus belongs to the Benyviridae family and is transmitted by the soil fungus Polymyxa betae. BNYVV has a segmented single-stranded RNA genome of positive polarity, allowing efficient replication within host cells. The BNYVV cycle begins when the zoosporangia of the fungus Polymyxa betae release zoospores in the presence of water. These zoospores swim to the roots of the beet, penetrate the root cells and release the virus. Once inside the plant cell, the virus replicates and spreads through the vascular system. Viral particles accumulate in the roots, interfering with normal plant growth and development. The zoospores of the fungus can persist in the soil for several years, making it difficult to control the disease.
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SYMPTOMS
Rhizomania is a devastating disease that affects beets, causing a significant decrease in root production and quality. Initial symptoms include yellowing and necrosis of leaf veins, followed by general wilting of the plant. As the infection progresses, the roots show abnormal and excessive growth of secondary roots, known as "beards." This results in deformed and smaller roots, negatively affecting crop yield. Additionally, infected plants may show delayed growth and reduced tolerance to other stress factors.
- Yellowing of the veins of the leaves
- Vein necrosis
- General wilting of the plant
- Abnormal growth of secondary roots
- Deformed and smaller roots
- Delayed growth
DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS
Temperature:
15°C - 25°C
Humidity:
60% - 80%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Zoospores of the fungus Polymyxa betae, contaminated irrigation water, infested soil, contaminated agricultural tools and machinery, infected seedlings
HOW TO ELIMINATE IT?
Home treatments
There are no home treatments
Natural allies
There are no natural allies
Chemical treatments
RECOMMENDED PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THE PEST
REPELLENT PLANTS
RECOMMENDATIONS
Measures to control viruses in already infected plants:
• Remove and destroy infected plants to prevent the virus from spreading.
• Control insect vectors using chemical or biological methods.
• Disinfect cutting and agricultural tools between uses.
• Avoid reusing contaminated substrates or irrigation water for diseased plants.
Preventive measures to avoid viral infections:
• Use certified, virus-free seeds and seedlings.
• Establish physical barriers or trap crops against vectors.
• Rotate crops with species that do not host the virus.
• Promote biodiversity to reduce vector pressure.
• Maintain good field hygiene and constantly disinfect tools.
• Regularly monitor crops to detect early symptoms.
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