#I6##I3A#
InAca
ABAMECTIN + PYRETHRINS
Acaricide / Insecticide
GROUP
IRAC 6 + IRAC 3A
GROUP NAME
Copper compounds + Sulfur compounds
MoA (Mode of Action)
Protein denaturation and enzyme inactivation through copper ion release + disruption of cellular respiration and energy metabolism through sulfur action
RESISTANCE LEVEL
Medium-high
CLASSIFICATION
Contact
TYPE
Multisite
ACTIVITY
Mainly preventive
Description
Broad-spectrum contact fungicide combining two multisite active substances with complementary modes of action. Tribasic copper sulfate gradually releases copper ions (Cu²⁺), which denature proteins, disrupt essential enzymes and damage the cell membranes of fungi and bacteria. Sulfur acts by contact and through its vapor phase, interfering with cellular respiration and other metabolic processes of pathogens. It is particularly effective against powdery mildew and also provides a secondary acaricidal effect against certain mites. This combination provides excellent preventive control of numerous fungal and bacterial diseases with a very low risk of resistance development.
Application Conditions
Always apply preventively or at the first stages of disease, ensuring uniform coverage of the entire crop. Avoid applications at high temperatures (above 30–32 °C), especially because of the sulfur component, and observe incompatibilities with mineral oils. Repeat applications according to disease pressure and weather conditions.
Compatibility in Treatment Programs
Compatible with many Integrated Disease Management programs. Avoid mixing with strongly acidic or alkaline products and observe the recommended interval when using mineral oils to prevent phytotoxicity.
Cross-Resistance
No cross-resistance is known with other FRAC groups. Both copper (FRAC M01) and sulfur (FRAC M02) have multisite modes of action and present a very low risk of resistance selection.
Maximum Number of Applications
There are no specific resistance-related limitations. The number of applications depends on the crop, the approved label and the maximum copper use limits established by regulations.
Recommendations for Use
Can be integrated with site-specific fungicides within resistance management programs. The combination of two multisite fungicides provides an excellent preventive basis for reducing selection pressure on other FRAC groups.
Compatibility with Beneficial Organisms
Generally yes. It has a low impact on beneficial insects and pollinators when used according to the label. However, sulfur may adversely affect certain predatory mites if applied repeatedly or under unfavorable conditions.
Technical Notes
This combination brings together the high bactericidal and fungicidal efficacy of copper against diseases such as downy mildews, bacterial diseases and various cankers, with the excellent activity of sulfur against powdery mildew and its complementary acaricidal effect. Both belong to multisite FRAC groups (M01 and M02), making them essential tools in resistance management programs and in integrated and organic production strategies, while respecting regulatory limits on copper use.
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ABAMECTIN + PYRETHRINS
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