Royas
Rust: what it is, how it originates, and how to eliminate it effectively
Rust
Uromyces Sp.
Pathogen:
Fungus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
INTERMEDIATE
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Uromyces sp. It is a genus of phytopathogenic fungi that affects various plants, including cacti. These fungi produce spores that spread through air and water, infecting host plants. Uromyces sp. It begins its infectious cycle when the spores germinate in conditions of adequate humidity, producing a germ tube that penetrates the cuticle of the cactus. Once inside, the fungus forms haustoria that invade the plant cells, absorbing nutrients and weakening the host. As the infection progresses, the fungus develops reproductive structures called uredinium, which emerge through the epidermis of the cactus, releasing new spores into the environment to continue the infectious cycle. These spores can survive in soil or plant debris, waiting for favorable conditions to initiate new infections.
SYMPTOMS
Rust caused by Uromyces sp. In cacti it manifests itself as reddish or brown pustules on the surface of the plant, which eventually rupture releasing spores. These pustules can affect the photosynthetic capacity of the cactus and cause a general weakening of the plant, reducing its vigor and resistance to other diseases.
- Appearance of reddish or brown pustules on the surface of the cactus.
- Deformation and cracking of the epidermis in the affected areas.
- Chlorosis around the pustules.
- Reduction in the growth and vigor of the cactus.
- Greater susceptibility to other infections due to the weakening of the plant.
- Loss of turgor in the affected areas.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
15°C a 25°C
70% a 90%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Air, Irrigation water, Infected tools, Infected plant remains, Contaminated soil
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• AZOXISTROBIN 25% [SC] P/V
Authorized treatments in organic farming
-
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
- Maintain good ventilation around the cacti to reduce humidity and prevent spore germination.
- Avoid sprinkler irrigation that can wet the surface of the cacti, opting for drip irrigation.
- Regularly inspect cacti and immediately remove any affected parts to prevent the spread of the disease.
- Apply specific preventive and curative fungicides for rust, following the manufacturer's recommendations.
- Clean and disinfect gardening tools before and after using them on different plants.
- Avoid overcrowding of plants to reduce humidity and improve air circulation.
- Use rust-resistant varieties of cacti if available.
- Rotate crops and avoid planting cacti in soil previously infected by rust.
- Remove and destroy the remains of infected plants to reduce the source of spores.
- Monitor environmental conditions and adjust crop management to minimize periods of high humidity.
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