Barrenadores
Small Bone Borer
Conotrachelus Perseae
Pathogen:
Insect
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Conotrachelus perseae, commonly known as the small bone borer, is a beetle belonging to the family Curculionidae. This insect has a complete development cycle that includes four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Females lay their eggs in avocado fruits. The larvae, upon hatching, penetrate the avocado pit, where they feed and develop. They go through several molts before turning into pupae. Finally, the adults emerge from the avocado pit, ready to reproduce and continue the cycle. These adults are characterized by their robust body and their ability to pierce the fruit to lay their eggs.
SYMPTOMS
The small stone borer causes a significant disease in avocado, known for the internal and external damage it produces on the fruit. The symptoms of the disease are initially imperceptible, but as the larvae develop within the bone, they become more evident. There are perforations on the surface of the avocado and severe internal damage that affects the quality and commercial value of the fruit.
- Fruits with visible perforations on the surface.
- Discoloration and necrosis of the tissue surrounding the damage.
- Presence of larvae and pupae inside the bone.
- Premature fall of affected fruits.
- Secondary decomposition due to the invasion of opportunistic pathogens.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20°C - 30°C
70% - 90%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Movement of infested fruits, direct contact between affected plants, transportation of contaminated tools
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• ORANGE OIL 6% [SL] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [64742-46-7]) 80% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 54.6% [EW] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 79% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 83% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 40% [EW] P/V
• Paraffin oil 65.4% [EW] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL 81.7% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL 83% [EC] P/V
• ACETAMIPRID 20% [SG] P/P
• AZADIRACTIN 1% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• CHLORANTRANILIPROL 20% [SC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 0.015% [RB] P/P
• DELTAMETHRIN 0.015g/trap [RB] P/P
• DELTAMETHRIN 0.03% (10 mg s.a./dispenser) [RB] P/P
• DELTAMETHRIN 2.5% [EC] P/V
• ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE 56% (0.6 G/TABLET) [GE] P/P
• ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE 56% (3 G/TABLET) [GE] P/P
• ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE 56% [GE] P/P
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN (0.0075 g s.a./trap) [RB] P/P
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 10% [CS] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 2.5% [WG] P/P
• MALTODEXTRIN 47.6% [SL] P/V
• PYRETHRINS 4% [EC] P/V
• PYRIPROXIFEN 10% [EC] P/V
• POTASSIUM SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS C14-C20 48% [EW] P/V
• SPINETORAM 25% [WG] P/P
Treatments allowed in organic farming
• ORANGE OIL 6% [SL] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [64742-46-7]) 80% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 54.6% [EW] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 79% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 83% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 40% [EW] P/V
• Paraffin oil 65.4% [EW] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL 81.7% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL 83% [EC] P/V
• AZADIRACTIN 1% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 0.015% [RB] P/P
• DELTAMETHRIN 0.015g/trap [RB] P/P
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN (0.0075 g s.a./trap) [RB] P/P
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 10% [CS] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 2.5% [WG] P/P
• MALTODEXTRIN 47.6% [SL] P/V
• PYRETHRINS 4% [EC] P/V
• POTASSIUM SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS C14-C20 48% [EW] P/V
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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Effective against all types of fungi
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- Regularly monitor avocado crops for early signs of infestation.
- Use pheromone traps to capture and monitor the adult population.
- Implement cultural practices that reduce the susceptibility of the crop, such as adequate pruning and irrigation management.
- Apply specific phytosanitary treatments according to technical recommendations and the appropriate moment in the insect's life cycle.
- Promote biodiversity in cultivation to encourage the presence of natural enemies of the borer.
- Carry out adequate collection and destruction of fallen and affected fruits to reduce the source of infestation.
- Evaluate and adjust available biological control methods, such as the use of entomopathogenic fungi.
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