Nematodos
Nematodes
Nematodes
Pathogen:
Nematode
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Nematodes are microscopic organisms that belong to the phylum Nematoda. These soil parasites can attack a variety of plants, including beets. Their life cycle begins when the eggs hatch in the soil, releasing larvae that search for roots of host plants. The larvae penetrate the roots, where they feed and develop, causing damage to plant tissues. As they grow, the larvae go through several stages of development until they reach maturity, at which point they reproduce. Females lay their eggs in the roots or surrounding soil, perpetuating the infestation. Nematodes can survive in the soil for long periods in the egg state, allowing them to persist even in the absence of host plants. The ability of these organisms to infest a wide range of plants and their resistance to adverse conditions makes them a significant threat to crops.
SYMPTOMS
The presence of nematodes in beets causes a disease that seriously affects plant growth and production. Nematodes feed on roots, causing lesions and disturbing the absorption of water and nutrients. This results in a series of symptoms that affect both the aerial and underground parts of the plant, compromising its vigor and performance.
- Swollen or deformed roots
- Discoloration and necrosis of the roots
- Reduction in the size and weight of roots
- Yellowing of the leaves
- Leaf wilting and chlorosis
- Delayed growth
- Lower harvest yield
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20°C - 30°C
60% - 80%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Contaminated soil, irrigation water, agricultural tools, infected plants, contaminated seeds
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• Azadirachtin 2.6% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
Treatments allowed in organic farming
• Azadirachtin 2.6% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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- Carry out crop rotations with non-host species to reduce the population of nematodes in the soil.
- Use beet varieties resistant to nematodes to reduce susceptibility to infestation.
- Implement soil solarization practices through the use of transparent plastic sheets to eliminate nematodes by heat.
- Apply nematicides in a controlled manner and according to recommendations to reduce the nematode population in the soil.
- Maintain good agricultural hygiene, cleaning and disinfecting tools and machinery to prevent the spread of nematodes.
- Incorporate organic matter into the soil to improve its structure and promote the activity of organisms antagonistic to nematodes.
- Regularly monitor crops to detect the presence of nematodes early and take corrective measures immediately.
- Avoid excessive irrigation that could favor the spread of nematodes in the soil.
Recommendations
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