Psilas
Pear Psylla
Cacopsylla Pyri, Psylla Pyri
Pathogen:
Insect
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Cacopsylla pyri, also known as Psylla pyri, is a hemipteran insect belonging to the Psyllidae family. This insect, commonly known as the pear psylla, goes through several stages of development including egg, nymph and adult. Adult females deposit their eggs on the surface of the leaves and young shoots of the pear tree. Once the eggs hatch, nymphs emerge, which go through five nymphal stages before reaching the adult stage. During their development, both nymphs and adults feed on plant sap by piercing the tissues with their mouthparts. This feeding causes direct damage and weakens the plant. Additionally, pear psylla can produce several generations per year, especially under favorable climatic conditions, facilitating its rapid spread and establishment in pear orchards.
SYMPTOMS
Pear psylla, caused by the infestation of Cacopsylla pyri, seriously affects the pear tree, causing weakening and reduction in the quality of the fruits. This disease manifests itself mainly through the physiological stress that the insect causes in the plant by sucking the sap. This leads to a series of symptoms that deteriorate the health of the pear tree and its productive capacity. Affected shoots and leaves show signs of deformation and necrosis due to the toxin injected by the insect during feeding. Furthermore, the sugary excretion of the nymphs, known as honeydew, favors the development of sooty mold, a fungus that covers the leaves and fruits with a black layer, affecting photosynthesis and the aesthetics of the fruit.
- Deformation and necrosis of shoots and leaves.
- Presence of honeydew in the leaves and fruits.
- Development of sooty mold on honeydew.
- Reduction in the quality and quantity of the fruits.
- Premature fall of leaves and fruits.
- General weakening of the plant.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20°C - 28°C
60% - 80%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Wind, Contact with contaminated tools, Infected plant material, Mobility of adult insects
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• RAPE OIL 1.53% [AL] P/V
• RAPE OIL 848.24 g/l [EC] P/V
• ORANGE OIL 60g/L [ME] P/S
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [64742-46-7]) 79% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [64742-46-7]) 80% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 40% [EW] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 80% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL 81.7% [EC] P/V
• ACETAMIPRID 20% [SP] P/P
• CAOLIN 95% [WP] P/P
• CAOLIN 99% [WP] P/P
• DELTAMETHRIN 1.57% [SC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 10% [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 2.5% [EC] P/V
• DELTAMETHRIN 2.5% [EW] P/V
• ESFENVALERATE 2.5% [EC] P/V
• ESFENVALERATE 5% [EC] P/V
• ESFENVALERATO 5% [EW] P/V
• PHENPIROXIMATE 5.12% [SC] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 1.5% [CS] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 10% [CS] P/V
• MALTODEXTRIN 47.6% [SL] P/V
• SPINETORAM 25% [WG] P/P
• SPIROTETRAMAT 10% [SC] P/V
• TAU-FLUVALINATE 24% [EW] P/V
Treatments allowed in organic farming
• RAPE OIL 1.53% [AL] P/V
• RAPE OIL 848.24 g/l [EC] P/V
• ORANGE OIL 60g/L [ME] P/S
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [64742-46-7]) 79% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [64742-46-7]) 80% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 40% [EW] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [97862-82-3]) 80% [EC] P/V
• PARAFFIN OIL 81.7% [EC] P/V
• CAOLIN 95% [WP] P/P
• CAOLIN 99% [WP] P/P
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 1.5% [CS] P/V
• LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN 10% [CS] P/V
• MALTODEXTRIN 47.6% [SL] P/V
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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- Regularly monitor the orchard to detect the presence of pear psylla early.
- Use yellow sticky traps to capture and monitor adult populations.
- Implement integrated pest management (IPM) that combines the use of natural predators such as ladybugs and lacewings.
- Apply phytosanitary treatments with specific insecticides at key moments in the pest's life cycle.
- Avoid excessive use of insecticides so as not to eliminate the natural enemies of psylla.
- Maintain good general health of the garden with appropriate cultural practices such as pruning and controlled irrigation.
- Use pear varieties less susceptible to psylla.
- Carry out pruning to eliminate infested parts and improve air circulation.
- Promote ecological balance in the garden by diversifying crops and planting hedges that attract beneficial insects.
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