Virus
Rhizomania
Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus (Bnyvv)
Pathogen:
Virus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
CRITICAL
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is a pathogenic virus that causes the disease known as rhizomania in sugar beet. The virus is transmitted by the soil protist Polymyxa betae, a parasite that infects plant roots. Once Polymyxa betae ingests the viral particles, they replicate within the vector and are released into the soil along with the zoosporangia. Upon germination, zoosporangia release zoospores that swim to the roots of the beet, where they infect the root cells. The virus replicates within infected cells, causing disruption of vascular tissues and leading to the development of characteristic symptoms. The presence of BNYVV in soil can persist for many years due to the ability of Polymyxa betae to form resistance structures (cystosores) that harbor the virus, allowing its re-emergence in successive crops.
SYMPTOMS
Rhizomania severely affects the growth and yield of sugar beet. Symptoms manifest mainly in the root system and foliage, affecting the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients, leading to a notable reduction in sugar production.
- Yellowing of the youngest leaves.
- Development of fine roots and proliferation of lateral roots.
- Decomposition and necrosis of the main roots.
- Dwarfism and general reduction in plant vigor.
- Deformation and malformation of the roots.
- Significant decrease in the sugar content of the roots.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
15°C - 25°C
70% - 90%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Irrigation water, Contaminated machinery, Infected plants, Infested soil, Infected roots
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
There are no effective treatments against viruses, the treatments are focused on combating the insect or vector carrying the virus (SEE AVAILABLE TREATMENTS AGAINST INSECTS)
Treatments allowed in organic farming
There are no effective treatments against viruses, the treatments are focused on combating the insect or vector carrying the virus (SEE AVAILABLE TREATMENTS AGAINST INSECTS)
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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- Use sugar beet varieties resistant to BNYVV.
- Implement crop rotation practices to reduce pathogen pressure in the soil.
- Maintain good soil drainage to avoid the accumulation of excessive moisture.
- Control weeds and other alternative hosts that may harbor Polymyxa betae.
- Perform soil analysis to detect the presence of Polymyxa betae before planting.
- Apply chemical treatments to the soil, such as specific fungicides, following technical recommendations.
- Regularly monitor crops to detect rhizomania symptoms early.
- Implement agricultural hygiene measures, such as disinfection of equipment and machinery, to prevent the spread of the pathogen.
Recommendations
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