Verticilosis
Verticillosis
Verticillium Dahliae
Pathogen:
Fungus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Verticillium dahliae is a soil fungus that causes the disease known as verticillosis in pepper. This pathogen has a complex life cycle that begins with the formation of resistance structures, called chlamydospores, in the soil. When conditions are favorable, chlamydospores germinate and produce mycelial structures that infect the roots of pepper plants. Once inside the plant tissue, the fungus spreads through the xylem, causing blockages and dysfunction in the plant's vascular system. Verticillium dahliae can survive in the soil for several years in the form of chlamydospores, making it a persistent pathogen in pepper crops.
SYMPTOMS
Verticillosis caused by Verticillium dahliae in pepper causes a series of characteristic symptoms that negatively affect the growth and yield of the plant. - Progressive wilting of the leaves, starting in the lowest parts of the plant and moving upwards.
- Yellowing and necrosis of the edges of the leaves.
- Reduction in the size of leaves and foliage in general.
- Discoloration of the xylem, visible when cutting the stem of the plant.
- Decrease in the production and quality of the fruits.
- Sudden wilting of the plant under conditions of water or thermal stress.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20°C - 28°C
70% - 80%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Contaminated soil, Infected seeds, Remains of infected crops
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• METAM SODIUM 40% [SL] P/S
Treatments allowed in organic farming
-
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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- Use certified and pathogen-free seedlings to avoid the introduction of Verticillium dahliae into the crop.
- Practice proper crop rotation to reduce inoculum accumulation in the soil.
- Avoid excess moisture in the soil through adequate irrigation and efficient drainage.
- Disinfect agricultural tools and machinery to prevent the spread of the pathogen.
- Apply preventive treatments with fungicides and biofungicides before the start of the growing season.
- Use pepper varieties resistant or tolerant to verticillosis, if available.
- Regularly monitor crops and carry out integrated pest and disease control.
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