Mildew
WHAT IT IS AND HOW TO ELIMINATE
Vid
Mildew
Plasmopara Viticola
Pathogen:
Oomycete
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
Mildiu
WHO CAUSES IT?
Plasmopara viticola is an oomycete pathogen that mainly affects grapevines, causing a devastating disease under favorable climatic conditions. This organism overwinters in the form of hardy oospores found in the remains of infected plants, such as fallen leaves on the ground. With the arrival of spring and adequate humidity, the oospores germinate producing sporangia that release motile zoospores. These zoospores swim in the water and reach the young tissues of the plant, where they penetrate through the stomata and form structures called haustoria within the plant cells to extract nutrients. Subsequently, the fungus develops sporangiophores that emerge from the stomata and produce new sporangia, which are dispersed by wind and rain, initiating new infections. This cycle can repeat several times during the season, especially under hot and humid conditions, allowing rapid spread of the disease.
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SYMPTOMS
Downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola causes significant damage to the vine, especially to young shoots, leaves and bunches of grapes. Infections begin with the appearance of oily Taches on the surface of the leaves, which eventually turn yellow and brown, causing necrosis. If left uncontrolled, the disease can seriously compromise grape production, reducing both the quality and quantity of the harvest.
- Yellowish Taches on the leaves, known as oil Taches.
- Necrosis on the leaves that spreads rapidly, causing them to fall prematurely.
- Deformation and wilting of young shoots.
- Affectation of grape clusters, which can rot before ripening.
- Formation of a whitish powder on the underside of the leaves, composed of sporangia.
- Loss of vigor in the affected plant and general decrease in production.
DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS
Temperature:
10°C - 27°C
Humidity:
80% - 100%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Sporangia transported by wind, rainwater, irrigation splashes, contact with contaminated tools, infected plant remains in the soil
HOW TO ELIMINATE IT?
Home treatments
There are no home treatments
Natural allies
Chemical treatments
There are no treatments for this disease. Treatments are directed at the insect vectors that transmit it. See insect treatments.
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REPELLENT PLANTS
Rosemary, Dill, Coriander
RECOMMENDATIONS
- Check the back of the leaves frequently, especially in dry weather.
- Spray water on the leaves to increase humidity and prevent them from settling.
- Keep plants healthy with good watering and adequate light.
- If you see cobwebs or damage, clean the leaves with a damp cloth or pressurized water.
- Use potassium soap or neem oil every few days until they disappear.
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