Moho blanco
White Rot
Sclerotinia Sp.
Pathogen:
Fungus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Sclerotinia sp. It is a pathogenic fungus that affects a wide variety of plants. This fungus develops in the soil and produces sclerotia, resistance structures that can survive in the soil for several years under adverse conditions. Sclerotia germinate in the presence of favorable environmental conditions, such as high humidity and moderate temperatures, producing apothecia, which are small cup-shaped structures. The apothecia release spores called ascospores, which are dispersed by wind and water, infecting the plant tissues of the host plants. The infection generally begins in the lower parts of the plant, where the spores encounter high humidity conditions, and spreads rapidly causing decomposition of the affected tissues.
SYMPTOMS
White rot caused by Sclerotinia sp. significantly affects plants, causing symptoms that can lead to a considerable loss of vigor and production.
- Appearance of watery Taches on stems and leaves.
- Decomposition of the affected tissues.
- Formation of a white cottony mass in diseased tissues.
- Withering and collapse of the aerial parts of the plant.
- Presence of black sclerotia inside the stems and roots.
- Delay in the growth and development of the plant.
- Premature fall of flowers and fruits.
- Death of young plants and weakening of adult plants.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
15°C a 25°C
70% a 90%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Spores carried by wind, Contact with infected soil, Contaminated tools, Irrigation with infected water, Infected plant material, Movement of sclerotia in soil
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• AZOXISTROBIN 25% [SC] P/V
• CIPRODINIL 37.5% + FLUDIOXONIL 25% [WG] P/P
• PHENHEXAMIDE 50% [SC] P/V
• PIRACLOSTROBIN 6.7% + BOSCALIDE 26.7% ( ) [WG] P/P
• PIRACLOSTROBIN 6.7% + BOSCALIDE 26.7% (I) [WG] P/P
Authorized treatments in organic farming
-
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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- Carry out crop rotations with non-susceptible species to reduce the accumulation of sclerotia in the soil.
- Use specific fungicides in seed treatment and during the crop cycle.
- Implement agricultural management practices that reduce moisture in the soil and foliage, such as drip irrigation.
- Remove and destroy the remains of infected crops to prevent the spread of sclerotia.
- Use resistant cultivars when available.
- Maintain an adequate planting density to improve air circulation and reduce humidity.
- Apply organic amendments to the soil that promote the activity of antagonistic microorganisms.
- Constantly monitor crops for early detection of symptoms and apply control measures in a timely manner.
- Avoid excess nitrogen fertilization that favors the development of tender and susceptible tissues.
Recommendations
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