Virus
Viral infections: what they are, how they originate, and how to eliminate them effectively
Virosis
Virus Tswv, Pvy, Cmv
Pathogen:
Virus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
Tomato wilt virus (TSWV), potato mosaic virus (PVY), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) are pathogens that affect a variety of plants, including pepper. These viruses belong to different families: TSWV is a Tospovirus, PVY is a Potyvirus and CMV is a Cucumovirus. TSWV has a replication cycle that involves insect vectors, especially thrips, which acquire the virus by feeding on infected plants and transmit it to healthy plants. PVY is primarily transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent process, meaning that aphids can transmit the virus shortly after acquiring it. CMV is spread by aphids in a non-persistent manner and can also be transmitted by infected seeds. Viruses replicate within host plant cells, using their cellular machinery to multiply and spread to other parts of the plant, causing a variety of symptoms that affect the normal growth and development of the plant.
SYMPTOMS
In pepper, Tomato Blight Virus causes a devastating disease known as Tomato Blight, which can severely affect crop yield and quality. Symptoms include the appearance of necrotic Taches on leaves and fruits, which can lead to deformation and premature fall.
- Necrotic Taches on leaves and fruits
- Fruit deformation
- Chlorotic mottling on leaves
- Chlorotic and necrotic rings on leaves and stems
- Reduction in fruit size
- Premature fall of flowers and fruits
- General loss of vigor in the plant
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20°C - 30°C
60% - 80%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Thrips, Direct contact between plants, Contaminated tools, Infected plant material, Wind that spreads thrips
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
There are no effective treatments against viruses, the treatments are focused on combating the insect or vector carrying the virus (SEE AVAILABLE TREATMENTS AGAINST INSECTS)
Authorized treatments in organic farming
There are no effective treatments against viruses, the treatments are focused on combating the insect or vector carrying the virus (SEE AVAILABLE TREATMENTS AGAINST INSECTS)
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
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- Use certified and virus-free seeds.
- Implement biological control measures to reduce the population of vectors such as aphids and thrips.
- Rotate crops to avoid the accumulation of viruses in the soil.
- Use ground covers and physical barriers to protect plants from vectors.
- Apply specific insecticides to control insect vector populations.
- Keep plants well nourished and in good condition to improve their resistance to viral infections.
- Eliminate and destroy infected plants to reduce the source of inoculum.
- Avoid transplanting plants from infected areas to virus-free areas.
Recommendations
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