Septoriosis
Septoria: What it is, how it occurs, and how to effectively eliminate it
Septoria
Septoria Lactucae
Pathogen:
Fungus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
DESCRIPTION
WHO CAUSES IT?
The pathogen Septoria lactucae is a phytopathogenic fungus responsible for causing septoria in lettuce. This fungus develops mainly in humid and warm environments, producing asexual spores (conidia) that are dispersed through wind, rainwater and agricultural tools. The spores germinate on the surface of the leaves, penetrating through stomata and wounds. Once inside the leaf tissue, the fungus forms structures called pycnidia, which release new spores when environmental conditions are favorable. These spores can infect other parts of the plant or new plants, perpetuating the infection. Septoria lactucae can survive in infected plant remains and in soil for long periods, facilitating its reappearance in subsequent growing seasons.
SYMPTOMS
Septoria caused by Septoria lactucae in lettuce manifests itself with leaf Taches that affect the yield and quality of the crop. The Taches begin as small brown lesions that expand and coalesce, leading to necrosis of the affected tissues. The disease can cause premature defoliation and a decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of the plant, reducing its vigor and production.
- Brown Taches on the leaves
- Irregular shaped lesions with yellow halos
- Coalescence of Taches causing large areas of necrosis
- Premature defoliation
- Reduction in plant growth and vigor
- Necrosis of leaf tissues
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
20-25°C
80-100%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Aerial spores, Rainwater, Agricultural tools, Remains of infected plants, Infected seeds
HOW TO REMOVE IT?
Home remedies
There are no home treatments
Chemical treatments
• AZOXISTROBIN 20% + DIFENOCONAZOLE 12.5% [SC] P/V
• AZOXISTROBIN 25% [SC] P/V
• DIFENOCONAZOLE 25% [EC] P/V
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 25% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 35% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 38% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• CUPROUS OXIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• PIRACLOSTROBIN 6.7% + BOSCALIDE 26.7% ( ) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% [WP] P/P
Authorized treatments in organic farming
• CUPRIC HYDROXIDE 25% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 35% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 38% (EXPR. IN CU) [SC] P/V
• COPPER OXYCHLORIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• CUPROUS OXIDE 50% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WP] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% (EXPR. IN CU) [WG] P/P
• CUPROCALCIC SULFATE 20% [WP] P/P
Insect allies
PREDATORY MITES
LADYBUGS
LACEWINGS
PARASITIC WASPS
HOVERFLIES OR PARASITIC FLIES
PREDATORY BUGS
There are no natural allies
Mycodiplosis oidii (predatory mosquito)
EFFECTIVE PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THIS DISEASE
- Use certified pathogen-free seeds.
- Implement crop rotation with species not susceptible to Septoria lactucae.
- Remove and destroy remains of infected crops to reduce inoculum in the soil.
- Maintain good ventilation in the crop to reduce relative humidity.
- Avoid sprinkler irrigation and prefer drip irrigation systems to reduce foliar humidity.
- Apply preventive and curative fungicides in accordance with technical recommendations.
- Disinfect agricultural tools and equipment to prevent the spread of the fungus.
- Practice proper fertilization and soil management to maintain healthy plants.
- Regularly monitor plants to detect disease symptoms early and act quickly.
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