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Aphids

Pathogène :

Insect

Type:

Risque:

INTERMEDIATE

Pulgones

Deformación, desarrollo anormal, enrollamiento, rizado o tumores / Escamas, algodón, insectos o telarañas

Descrição da doença

The aphid, also known as an aphid, is a small, soft-bodied insect belonging to the superfamily Aphidoidea. This pathogen is capable of reproducing both sexually and asexually, depending on environmental conditions. In favorable climates, the aphid can reproduce rapidly through parthenogenesis, where females give birth to live young without the need for mating. These babies are born already pregnant, which allows rapid multiplication of the population. During its life cycle, the aphid goes through several stages: egg, nymph and adult. Nymphs molt several times before becoming adults. Under certain conditions, such as autumn or environmental stress, males and females can be produced that mate to produce winter-hardy eggs. Aphids feed by sucking plant sap through their specialized mouthparts.

Descrição do patógeno

In chard, aphids cause a disease that manifests itself with several symptoms that affect the growth and vitality of the plant. Aphids suck the sap, weakening the plant and reducing its vigor. This can lead to a decrease in the yield and quality of chard leaves. Additionally, aphids can transmit phytopathogenic viruses while feeding, further aggravating the damage. Infested plants often show deformed and yellowed leaves, as well as reduced growth.

• Presence of aphid colonies on the underside of the leaves and stems.
• Leaves wrinkled or curled.
• Excretion of honeydew that causes the appearance of sooty mold (a black fungus).
• Stunted growth.
• Decrease in leaf production.

TEMPERATURA E UMIDADE

20ºC - 30ºC

60% - 80%

CAMINHOS DE TRANSMISSÃO</span

Wind, contact between plants, gardening tools, vector insects.

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CONTROL

Tratamento químico

• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 54.6% [EW] P/V
• Azadirachtin 2.6% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• ADHESIVE TRAP
• CHROMATIC TRAP

Tratamento biológico

• PARAFFIN OIL (CAS [8042-47-5]) 54.6% [EW] P/V
• Azadirachtin 2.6% (AS AZADIRACTIN A) [EC] P/V
• ADHESIVE TRAP
• CHROMATIC TRAP

Traitements biologiques

• ADALIA BIPUNCTATA
• APHELINUS ABDOMINALIS
• APHIDIUS COLEMANI
• APHIDIUS ERVI
• APHIDOLETES APHIDIMYZA
• APHISIUS SP. (WASPS)
• BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (STRAIN ATCC 74040) 2.3% (2.3X10E7 VIABLE SPORES/ML) [OD] P/V
• BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (GHA STRAIN) 10.7% (2.26X10E13 CONIDIAS/L) [OD] P/V
• BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (GHA STRAIN) 22% (4.4 x 10E10 CONIDIAS/G) [WP] P/P
• CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA
• CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA
• EPISYRPHUS BALTEATUS (HYRPHID)
• HIPPODAMIA VARIEGATA
• MACROLOPHUS PYGMAEUS
• PRAON VOLUCRE
• RHOPALOSIPHUM PADI
• SCYMNUS NUBILUS
• SPHAEROPHORIA RUEPPELLII (SYRPHID)

Recomendações

• Maintain good hygiene in the garden, eliminating plant debris and weeds that may harbor aphids.
• Promote biodiversity by attracting beneficial insects such as ladybugs and lacewings that feed on aphids.
• Use physical barriers such as anti-insect mesh to protect young plants.
• Apply insecticidal soap or horticultural oils to suffocate aphids.
• Implement crop rotation to avoid the accumulation of aphids in the soil.
• Avoid excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers that can promote the growth of aphids.
• In severe cases, resort to specific insecticides, always following the recommendations for use to minimize the environmental impact and aphid resistance.