• Remove and destroy affected fruit and infected plant debris, avoiding leaving them accumulated within the plot or near the plants.

• Maintain proper plot hygiene and regularly remove plant debris that could act as a source of inoculum.

• Avoid excessive moisture on the fruit and promote good ventilation within the vegetation through proper crop management.

• Use irrigation systems that reduce wetting of the aboveground parts, especially when environmental conditions are already favorable for the disease.

• Avoid irrigation that maintains high humidity on the fruit for prolonged periods.

• Properly control the density and structure of the vegetation to facilitate air circulation and reduce the duration of the wet period.

• Avoid wounds and mechanical damage during cultivation practices, as injuries can facilitate the entry of Alternaria sp.

• Handle the fruit carefully during harvesting, transport, and sorting to minimize bruising, cuts, abrasions, and other injuries. • Control pests that can wound the fruit and facilitate secondary fungal infection.

• Remove damaged, overripe, or injured fruit before storage to prevent them from becoming sources of contamination.

• Maintain facilities, crates, tools, and handling equipment in good hygienic condition and avoid the accumulation of contaminated plant debris.

• Avoid placing diseased fruit in storage chambers or areas with healthy fruit.

• Maintain storage conditions that limit condensation and surface moisture on the fruit.

• Conduct regular crop inspections to detect the first lesions and act before a high production of conidia occurs.

• Apply authorized phytosanitary treatments for the crop and for Alternaria, strictly following the dosage, timing, and maximum number of applications specified on the label.

• Initiate phytosanitary interventions according to the risk of infection and favorable environmental conditions, avoiding waiting until the disease is widespread. • Alternate active ingredients from different modes of action to reduce selection pressure on pathogen populations.

• Avoid repeated applications of active ingredients with the same mode of action when authorized alternatives are available.

• Combine phytosanitary measures with cultural, hygienic, and moisture management practices to reduce exclusive reliance on fungicides.

• Follow the recommendations of integrated pest management programs and the specific restrictions for each authorized product.