Cereales de invierno
How to recognize and combat powdery mildew in winter cereals
Powdery Mildew
Fungus
Type:
Risk to the plant:
HIGH
Blumeria Graminis
Pathogen:
Oídio
WHO CAUSES IT?
Blumeria graminis is a phytopathogenic fungus that mainly affects cereals, being the causal agent of powdery mildew in this type of crops. This pathogen is an obligate ectoparasite, which means that it grows on the surface of the plant, forming a specialized structure called a haustorium, which penetrates the host's epidermal cells to obtain nutrients. Its dispersion occurs through spores called conidia, which are released into the environment and are easily transported by the wind. Upon landing on the susceptible plant, they germinate in the presence of favorable environmental conditions, forming germ tubes that adhere to the surface of the leaves. The fungus forms visible colonies in the form of white or powdery Taches that cover the leaves and stems of infected plants. These colonies produce more conidia, perpetuating the infection throughout the growing season, while sexual structures known as cleistothecia can produce spores that survive the winter, guaranteeing their permanence.
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SYMPTOMS
Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis mainly affects winter cereals, compromising their photosynthetic capacity and weakening the general development of the plant. As the disease progresses, plants show characteristic symptoms ranging from white Taches on the leaves to necrosis. Symptoms begin with small chlorotic Taches that quickly become covered with a powdery white mold that spreads throughout the plant if conditions are favorable. In advanced stages, the affected areas may turn yellow or brown, and the leaves tend to wither. In severe infections, crop yield is compromised due to reduced functional leaf area and decreased photosynthesis.
- Whitish or powdery Taches on leaves and stems
- Progressive chlorosis
- Necrosis in affected areas
- Reduction in growth and general weakening of the plant
- Wilting and premature death of leaves
- Decrease in grain yield and quality
DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS
Temperature:
15°C - 25°C
Humidity:
70% - 90%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Wind-borne spores, direct contact between infected and healthy plants, remains of infected crops
HOW TO ELIMINATE IT?
Home treatments
There are no home treatments
Natural allies
Chemical treatments
There are no treatments for this disease. Treatments are directed at the insect vectors that transmit it. See insect treatments.
RECOMMENDED PRODUCTS TO ELIMINATE THE PEST
REPELLENT PLANTS
RECOMMENDATIONS
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