Peral
How to recognize and combat fire blight
Fire Blight Or Pear Fog
Bacterium
Type:
Risk to the plant:
CRITICAL
Erwinia Amylovora
Pathogen:
Bacteriosis
WHO CAUSES IT?
Erwinia amylovora is a Gram-negative bacteria that causes the disease known as fire blight in various plants of the Rosaceae family. This bacteria multiplies in plant tissues and can survive inside infected plants, as well as on external surfaces such as the bark of trees. During spring, with increasing humidity and temperature, bacteria begin to exude from infected tissues in the form of a sticky substance containing millions of bacterial cells. These exudates can be spread by wind, rain, insects and pruning tools. Bacteria enter plants through wounds or natural openings such as stomata and nectaries. Once inside, they multiply rapidly, blocking the conducting vessels and causing the death of the affected tissues. This ability to disperse and survive in different environments allows Erwinia amylovora to be highly infectious and destructive.
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SYMPTOMS
In the pear tree, Erwinia amylovora causes the disease known as fire blight or fire blight. This disease is characterized by the appearance of symptoms that can devastate plantations, especially during the active growing season. The first signs of infection usually appear in the flowers, which wilt and turn black, but remain attached to the plant. The infection can quickly spread to the branches, causing necrosis and the typical burnt appearance on the leaves and shoots.
- Withering and blackening of flowers
- Necrosis in shoots and branches
- Burnt appearance of leaves and buds
- Sticky bacterial exudate in wounds
- Cankers on branches and trunk
- Sudden death of young branches
DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS
Temperature:
18-24°C
Humidity:
70-90%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Wind, Rain, Insects, Pruning tools, Direct contact between plants
HOW TO ELIMINATE IT?
Home treatments
There are no home treatments
Natural allies
Chemical treatments
There are no treatments for this disease. Treatments are directed at the insect vectors that transmit it. See insect treatments.
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