Remolacha azucarera
How to recognize and combat cyst nematodes in sugar beets
Cyst Nematode
Nematode
Type:
Risk to the plant:
CRITICAL
Heterodera Schachtii
Pathogen:
Nematodos
WHO CAUSES IT?
Heterodera schachtii is a parasitic nematode that belongs to the Heteroderidae family. This organism is responsible for the disease known as cyst nematode, which affects a wide variety of crops, especially sugar beets. Adult nematodes are small threadlike worms, with males being motile and females sedentary. Fertilized females develop into cysts, protective egg-filled structures that can contain hundreds of embryos. These cysts remain in the soil until conditions are suitable for the hatching of juveniles, which are the infectious phase. Second-instar juveniles emerge from the cyst and penetrate the roots of the host plant, where they feed and develop, causing damage to the plant. Eventually, the mature females transform into new cysts, restarting the cycle and facilitating the spread of the nematode in the field.
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SYMPTOMS
Sugar beets affected by Heterodera schachtii experience a range of symptoms that reflect damage to the roots and reduced ability of the plant to absorb water and nutrients. Nematodes penetrate the roots, where they form feeding structures that interfere with the normal flow of nutrients. This results in poor growth and a reduction in crop quality and yield.
- Yellowing and wilting of leaves.
- Uneven plant growth.
- Swollen and deformed roots.
- Presence of white or brown cysts on the roots.
- Reduction in sugar production.
- Smaller root size.
- Difficulty in absorbing water and nutrients.
DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS
Temperature:
18°C - 28°C
Humidity:
50% - 70%
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
Irrigation water, contaminated tools, soil movement, infested plants, wind, agricultural machinery
HOW TO ELIMINATE IT?
Home treatments
There are no home treatments
Natural allies
Chemical treatments
There are no treatments for this disease. Treatments are directed at the insect vectors that transmit it. See insect treatments.
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